CONFIDENTIAL! 


LIST 


OF 


iiiii 


CONVENTIONAL   SIGNS 

AND 

ABBREVIATIONS 


IN  USE  ON 


FRENCH  AND  GERMAN 
MAPS 

Compiimcnts  of 


COMPILED   BY 

SECOND    SECTION,  GENERAL    STAFF 

(TOPOGRAPHY) 


REPRODUCED   AT 

CENTRAL    MAP    REPRODUCTION    PLANT 

ENGINEER    SCHOOL 

WASHINGTON    BARRACKS.  D.  C. 
1918 


'^^ 


CONVENTIONAL    SIGNS 

AND 

ABBREVIATIONS 


IN   USE   ON 


FRENCH  AND  GERMAN 
MAPS 


•c* 


0 


War  Department, 
lVasfiinj(ton,  July  17,  igi8. 

The  following  list  of  conventional  signs  and  abbreviations  is  reprinted 
from  a  similar  pamphlet  compiled  by  the  Second  Section,  General  Suff  (Topo- 
graphy) of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces.  The  conventional  signs  and 
abbreviations  in  use  on  the  French  maps  will  hereafter  be  used  on  nil  battle 
maps;  that  is,  maps  used  for  the  training  of  troops  during  the  present  emer- 
gency, prepared  in  the  United  States.  This  pamphlet  does  not  revoke  or  su- 
persede "Conventional  Signs,  U.  S.  Army  Maps"  (W.  D.  Document  418  of 
1912),  nor  the  conventional  signs  published  as  Figures  48  to  67  in  the 
"Engineer  Field  Manual,"  which  will  continue  to  govern  the  Permanent 
Military  Maps  of  the  United  States 

By  order  of  the  SECRETARY  OF  WAR: 

Peyton  C.  March, 

General,  Chief  .;' Staff. 
Official : 

H.  P.  McCain, 

Th(  Adjutant  General. 


o 
o 
o 
iri 


o 
o 
o 
6 


i 
T 
1 
T 

1^ 
I  I 


IT 


^1! 


a     « 


301159 


>  t 


o 

o  ,  , 

Q  (  I 

in  ,  i 


o    +     *o 


^ 


^'         -»       o 
g      !<      ^f      c5 


o   (^  i 
o    )  I 

O     f    I 


©    +©    ♦© 


^ 


o 
o 
o 

d 


<  I 

C     I 


•^   ^ 


!!,       ^        Si 


^     «     < 


?       f  #  #   ^ 

S  S       S       Si      ^ 


I       ^        « 


to  ^ 
O  o 

a  w 


c 
Q 


© 


IQl 


® 


(? 


s     - 


1  8 

si    C 


•^2 

I 


0 


^1^ 


Si 

I   I 


i    ^     ^ 


Q 


O 
O 

o 
in 

^   □ 


D 


0£Q 


c    5? 

o  ^ 


Q 


o 
o 
o 
d   " 

r-.    D 


0   -^o 
o 

o      ^ 


o 
o 
o 
d 

CM 


4       1 


i  ? 


J  ll 


.'  -s 


I 

11 


c^.S 


"C    c    0) 

O    O)    *- 


Various  works  and  parts  of  a  prepared  terrain 


Wire  entanglements xxxxxxxx 

Twrnowt  in  Cb  commiinioation  trench 
Steps  to^et  in  or  out  of  a  communication  or  fire  trench « 
Crossing  in  a  comniu?iica,tio7i  or  fire  trench 

Shelter r^=gi 

& 

s 


Post  of  Cojnmanden 


of  Battal'UJn 
of  Regiment 
of  Brigade  _ 
of  Division  _ 


of  Army  Corps 
Infantry  observing  post  


fOccu/pi^d 
Artillery  observing  post  < 

\Frepared 

(Occupied 
-T 
Prepared 


{Occupied 

Emplacement  for  trench  mortarsl  .^ 

[Prepared 


Munition  depots.. 


Cartridge 
Gj^e  nodes 


Trench  engines 


Depot  of  tools  and  materials 

Subsistence  depot 

Water  swppUes 

Dressing  stati/jns 


A 

▲ 


A 


£3 


-Tr 


m 


[3 


PSs 


Headquarters  and  Staffs 

Commandiji^  Gcnerai  ((}eneral  HeadquwrtGrs) ^Q^ 

HtacUiuarters  of  oroup  of  ourmies (^^s 

RecuiqiiwT'ters  2^  Army. .  "^^ 

Director  of  SubppLy  Servioe  2l^  Jinny. "  P 

Ileadqucurters  7^  Jrmy  Corps ^""^PT 

HeuAlquarters  S':^  Division  (h^  of  the  Army  Corps} ^ 

HecbdAfu^arters  ^^  Divisiorh(2^y^'  of  the  Army  Cor})s) P|? 

HecvcUjUAjirters  53^^  Divisiorv(S^^  of  the  Army  Corpsf    f^ 

Heddquariers  65^  Sep  an  cite  Division ^^ 

Headqucurtors  ^'^^  Cavalry  Division ^ 

Staff  ^rjih  Infantry  Brigade 


Battalioro  of  lnfwntry._ 
Battalion  of  Chasseurs 


25 


Staff  3^^  Cavalry  Bmgade. K 

Infantry 

Company  of  Irvfardry .  ^ 

Company  of  Chasseurs @ 

Growp  of  Cyclists ® 


Cavalry 

Sqwadron  of  Cavalry K 

Regiment  of  CoA^alry 

Small  group 


Artillery 


Group  in  park. 
Emplacement. 


of  Field  Batterp. 

of  BaUert/  95. 

of  Battery  100.— 
of  Battery  105.^ 


of  Battery  120  L.(long.)_ 
ofBaMery  155  L.  Hong.)- 
of  battery  IW  C.  {short), 
of  Battery  155  C.  (shoH.). 

of  Battery  220.. 

of  Battery  270. 

of  Battery  S70. , 


Special  typesdiith  India ttion  of 
caliber  in  centhncters) . 


Antiaircraft  station. 


Infantry  nunntion  section. 
Artillery  niuvition  section . 
Section  o/ '  p((  rk 


Occupied 


® 


f 


AHillery  park,  army  corps  (h*  echelon.)- 
Artillery  park,  army  corps  (2^'^  echelon.). 

Echelon  o/  main  artillery  park 

Echelon  along  the  road — 

When  movable. _ 


Intermediate  depoti Heavy  Artillery.) 
Park  (Heavy  Artillery.) 


Prepared 

...t±±j 
.  ...6 
...6 

...a 

...6 
...6 

....fi 


1 66 


#  SMI 
41    SMA 

QD 

rmn 
(D 

Di 

C3P 


KngiiKH^i's 


Company  of  Engineers 
Search  light  section 


Tele0'aph  detachinent  of  army  corps ^ 

Telegraph  section   Clruiy) % 

Telegraph  section  of  Ji*"-i  Hut ^ 

Field  radio  station 

Bridge  equipage 

Army  corps  engineer  park  

Army  engineer  parli  


Medical  Service 


Ambulance 


^ 


+ 


Hospital  section (TH 

Group  of  stretcher  hearers  ryi 

Evacuation  hospital  [S 

Secti4)n  of  evacucition  hospital @ 

Reserve  personnel Q) 

Reserve  material  ^3^ 

Hospital  in  railroad  station w 

Sanitary  train  %"^ 


AA^ation 


I  (iixt)! 


Sqwadron. 

JvicbtioTi  park.— '^^' 

Bombing  group.. 

Park  of  bombing  group.. 


Landi  ng  fitld. tJ 

-  2 


Captive  balloon,.. 


Automobile  Service 


Seotion  supplying  fresh  nieat.^ ^  ^ 

Sanitary  section-  automobile. ^  n> 

Section,  for  trn.nsportation.  of  material P-^ 

Section  for  transportation  of  personnel. ^  *> 

Section  of  automobile  park <g)  r^ 

Service  of  Administration  and  Supply 

Section  of  subsistence  supply  train ^P— 


Section  of  auxiliary  subsistence  supply  train. C^ — 

Cattle  park .    S 

Army  field  bakery. -'^^^ 


Miscellaneous 


Regimental  train. ^ , . . ^ 

Field,  remount  depot dl% 

Headquarters  of  advanced  base  beyond  rail-headk 


10 


I    20.000 

dcmm 

CITY       4o 

TOWN        30 
Commune  225 

Hamlet  15 


5,00  c 


CITY  eo 

TOWN  40 

Commune  30 

Hamlet  zo 


CITY  eo 

TOWN       eo 

Commune  35 

Hamlet         25 


FOREST 
Woods  30 

Woods    30 
Woods 


I  i 


sps-g 


Woods 


FOREST 

Woods  40 
Woods  30 

Woods       20 

Woods         i5i 


^1 


70 

and 
Over 


FOREST 
WoodSso 

Woods  40 

Woods     30 

Woods         as!  i I 


s>^ 


LARGE  RiVER.^^r, 

River. aotois 

Cane/,  Lake  Eoic\5 
drook.Pond lo 


LARGE  RI\/ER._.s 

River 25to2o 

Canalidke  251020 
Brook,  Pond is 

Various  inscriptions 


LARGERIVER 
River, 

Canal.  Lake 


50 

35  TO  30  I  S5: 


Ji 


Brook.  Pond^ 


Foot  bridge,  chapel,        j 

Gemetery_ to 

Sawmi'I, sugar  mill. brick 
yard  gradfj  crossing _io 

Spring, tartr,^  Hiil  176-iO 


imporran*  irerches.  12  5 
Sma'ifi'c  ^;•ench^s,cs^<rf■ 
unlcaticn  trenches-_iO 
Wc  rk  s i2.5 


do 17.5 

do 17.5 

-.do 17.5 

do _20 

do 15 

do 20 

.J2.5!-. 


.do. 


do-- 

A(jrk.5    7*     /2I8     j  Note 

I  For  The  P/^ns  Directeurs  taken  from  maps  on  scale  of  I  to  20.000  the 
conventional  c-irtographic  signs  ore  to  be  the  same  as  those  on  the  maps  used 


II 


SCALE   1:80,000  and  Black  1:50,000   French  Maps 

r 


Wagon 
lioiKis 


Xational  Highway. 
Department  roads ^ 


Sunken         Eleoated 

Alu'ays  fxi-ssablc 

(rcgu  hi  rlij  rep<i  ired)   

.Vut  alivai/s  iidHHnhli' 

(/ rrcQuhirln  rep'firr(f} 


Dirt  road  and  trail 
Foot  pa  th 

Forest  path 

Ahan  doit  ed 


iiiHitnniMii 


Railways  { 


Single  track,  Standard  guage   m    ^  fa 


Em  hankments . 


Tunnel,  Viaduct 


Road  crossings. 


X arrow  gauge  and 
Dunvniyy  lilies 


TunneC     Viaduct     Culvert 


'# 


Grade       Under       Overhead 


^ 


^^ 


^^ 


.«V 


HliimiMiiMUM 


IMMMMMIC'. 


lioundaiv 
Liiu- 


KaHonal . 


Department 


Arrou  disseniant 
Canto}! 


Corivmun*-. 


12 


^ 


SCALE  1:80,000  and  Black  1:50,000  French  Maps 

Large  River 
Creek 


Hydrogaphy< 


Intermittent  Stream 
Waterfall 


C&scade 


Important  navi^ahle  canaL 

,yavigable  canal 

Irrigation  Ditch 

AquediLct 


ec^ 


Ditch,  Dike 


Canal 


Lake         Pond 


Pool,  Reservoir,  Cistern 


OpetK 


CorarecL 


c-> 


SCALE   1:80,000   and   Black  1:50,000  French  Maps 

Church,  steeple  or  belfry o 

light  hniose,  harbor  lights 

Chapel  or  hermitage, ^ 

Oratory,  important  tontb 

Crucifix,  Cross  ^ ^ 

tijmJ),  staiue  of  virgin. 


Works  and  \^ 
Str\ictures     ^ 


Cemetery 


Chateo^u  or  la,rge  housi 
Farmhouse 


House  or  isolated 
stru-cture 

Beacon,  chimney 
monument  or  tower 


Wind  Mill  _ 


MiM  (waterpower)- 


Ironworks,  factory 
(hydraulic  power)      "" 

Factory 
(nonhydraiol'ic  power) 

Telegraph  se^naphore 


Cave,  underground  quarry, 
den,  mine,  shaft.  ■■ 


entra,nce  to  gallery 
Lime-kiln,  plastsr-hilv 
Fountain,  well,  spring 
Ruins 


SCALE   1:80,000  and   Black   1:50.000  French  Maps 


Felices      v 


Stone 
Ditch . 
Bank . 


Hedge. 
Trees _ 


m 


Geodetic 
T'oints 


Belfry,  church,  lighthouse . 
Chapel 


Triangukution  points 
Secondwry  points 


Xote ': 

The  figures  which  accompany 
the  symbols  above,  express  in 
meters  the  height  above  the 
level  of  the  sea. 


-^236 


Clfissificatiorv  of  place  names-  <; 


-PREFECTURES 

2"  sous  PREFECT  <%> 

■«  CANTON @ 

•3  Coinmune 


15 


SCALE   1:80,000  arid  Black  1:50,000  French   Maps 


Fortified  City 


Works  ana 
Structures 


Walled  city  and  old  fort 


Modern  fort,  battery 
and  intrench ment  _ 


Uvftrotected  City 


^  Village 


Woodland,  deciduous,  trees 


Woodland,  evergreen'. 


Brush   _ 


kh    '    .   A     A 


SCALE   i. ■80,000   and   Black  1:50.000   French    Maps 

' Ef 


Laud 
( laesif  icat 


Cultioated 


I  mm  dated 


Orchard.s 


Hedges  ufid  garde ru 


Peat  bos'-' 


ioi)  y 

Swam  J} 


Salt  Jtfar.sh 


Vnculti rated  land 
and  cUf'f 


Sand  dunes  and  sand 


Reef.';  above  and  under 
water 


V 


Mountains 


rr/firiT!?.*'','.X!!.'?r'.i:  ,',,'■' 


!  j»  «t  -"St  -*--  * 


SCALE   1:200,000 


WAGON 
ROADS 


Js'ational  Highwcuys 

Regularly  maintained 

always  passable — ~ 

Jrreguiarly  mainytainecb 
passahility  wrvcertairt/ 

Dirt  roads 


Importairit  by-roads. 


Railways  , 


StandAwd  Gauge  dowble. 

track 

i<,taiidard  Gauge  single 
track 

Jf arrow  Gauge,  tramway 


Mamgahle  cwnal^ 


Large  River- 


Hydrographic  < 


.Kote: 

The  isolated  bridges  and' 
tliose  serving  the  dirt  rottds 
are  the  only  ones  shown' 


J^ation. 


BOUNDARIES 
OF 


Departinent. 


x-Bridge 
6-rord 
H-Skiff 
B-Ferry 
r-Aer/af  Ferry 


+  ++  +  +  +  +  + 


+ - + - +-+ 


I^CALE  1 :200,000 


Works  and 
Structures 


Chwrdh  iiv  vilUi^e 


Isolxited  oh/urf>h  or  chapel 
]  nhporto/iU  Shrine 


(■(ha  tie 


Observcutory  tower 
^  Rmmv 


Foresiers  house. 
Wind  miU 


Water  power  mill,  saw  mill 

Works,  FaA>tory 

Fortificoytions 


Elevatioro  fi^wres 

FU^wres  of  popu/UUioTV  hi 
thouusa  nds 


Classification 
of 


Clby 

Small  city,  Market  town' 
VUAaie,  Commune,  Fort . 


-4 

-  ^ 

- 1 

-re 

-« 


Colo 

Qi 

Symbol 


VILLE.VILLE. 

PETITE  VILLE,BOURG. 

Village,  Commune,  Fort. 


^Mouut'oAn.  Forest,  LarSe  River v,ontaqne  Foret,  neuve 

Place  Names 

\Ha>ml-et,  Important,  River,  Woods  -  Hameau, Riviere  importante,B 

Small  Mt.,HiU .  Cliff,  Peak  .  Mont,  Col.Rocher. Pic. 

Glacier,  Lake Glacier,  Lac. 


LEGEND  FOR  MAP  OF  SUPPLY  SYSTEM 
OF  FRENCH  ARMY 

Front W//MM///////////// 

Limit  of  a  rill  ij  s/'ctor^ 


Cb/ti/ 


Limit  anil  Jirn'  of itnpe  zone 
Sia II  fhtrd  iia  ii iie 


Standard 
gau^e 
Rwy 


Rat  ion  rc/il/ifiii  point  (jrith 
fit  pot-  for  rrseri'c  stori'sj- 


BLUE 
RED 


Station.  iiSfcl  as  refit  ling  point 
uiUiont  depot  for  reserve  stores  — 


Railway    , 
()0  cjn.  gauge 


Animal  traction 

Mechanical  traction 

Important  station  

Secondary  station  — 


1 1 1 1 1 1  1 1 1 1 


Secondary  station  with 
telephone  connection  — 


Siding  (dead  end) 
Rail  dump 


Unloading  platform 

Inqjortant  station  with 
unloading  platform 


o 

-t 

DR. 

.• 


UiMSsinjrs 
for 


Infantry . 
Cavalry^ 


Inf. 
Cav. 

VH. 


Horse  drawn  vehicles 

and  small  ainbulances 

Heavy  artillery  with 

indications  of  type  ,fA'^B'C'CA.LG.?. 

7  ton  trucks  and  aiito.s V.  A. 7 

9  ton  trucks  and  autos 


10  ton  trucks  and  autos . 


V.  A. 9 

V.  A.IO 


Road  ballast  dump 


ff£0 
ftCD 


RED 
RCO 


RED 
RED 


RED 
NED 
RED 
RED 


LEGE.VD  FOH  MAP  OF  SUPPLY  SYSTEM 
OF  FREXCH  ARMY 


Artillery 


Engineers  4 


Artillery  dump 

Ammunition  depot 

. ^m m iinition  distribution 
center 


Engineer  dump- 
Engineer  park- 


^  Corps  Engineer  parti . 

Medieit I- Hospital  section 

Clothing-depot 


Slaughter  house  for  army 


Filling  station  — 
Watering  trough 
Hospitals  and  Camps . 


Water 

Supply  for  j  Heavy  artillery  and  light 
railroads 


^  Water  supply  depot 

(One  u*ay  traffic 
Two  way  traffui 
Tliree  way  traffic 

LEGEXB  FOR  MAP  OF 
BOMBARDMENT  OBJECTIVES 

Aviation  Parks  from  photographs 


Aviation  Parks  from  documents 


Railroad  stations 
Standard  Gauge  . 
Narrow  Oaug^     _ 


m 

X 


ffCD 


oHctn 

(MUH 


t'T"" 


.0 


.— _ iixum 


o 


Yarrow  Gauge,  location  doubtfwl , — ,__,  v— ,  ,>_, 

21 


LEGE.KD  FOR  MAP  OF 

E^^'EMY  FIRST  POSITU.WS. 

The  trenches  and  covered  commiLmixitions 

are  indicated  by  0reen  h^chin^ 


Du'gouts,  ceila-rs  aiul  inhahited  hxiwses- 
Machine  iuns  in  th^'  open 


Machine  0uns  Jf  rider  cover 
37  mm.  Gun 


Observing  post. 


Trench  mortar  in  the  open 
Trench  mortar  under  cover 

fhstribati^n  center 

Headquarters 


Concealed  battery 

Concealed,  battery  in  casemate 

Emplacement,  isolated 

Anti-aircraft  gun  

Ammunition  depot 


Telephone  liri^s,  buried 


TelephovAi,  lines  in  thfe  open. 


# 


(D 


l/mboi 


GREEN 
RED 


:FEEN 
RED 


22 


LEGEMD  FOR  MAP  OF 
EJfEM  Y  FIRST  POSITION'S 

Telephone  exciiange 


4 


of 


Signal  station  (visual) 

Ration,  refilling  point,  secondary  j  R  | 

Ration  refilling  point,  principal 


Paths,  tneu-ns  of  approach 

Cros.sindu  ( important )  of  communication 

trenches  ami  paths  -^     m^    ^  *^2, 


■^' 


Park,  depot  of  materiul 

Camps 

Turcn^el  ^llll 


< 


LEGE.YD  FOR  SKETCHES  OF 
HESULTS  OF  DFSTRUCTfVE  FIRE 

Tanjets  cnmpletely  destroyed 
Toj-0efs  pos.sih!ij  destroyed 

Newly  disco  re  red  works 
New  targets 

Area,  covered  by  fin,  ('        ^ 

Limits  of  area,  eovered-  by  photographs  -_«_««_ 


23 


LEGEND  FOR  ACTIVE  HOSTILE  BATTERY 
SHEET  WITH  DIRECTION  OF  FIRE 


Caliher  not  determined 


Field  artillery,  caliber  77  mms. 


Field  artillery,  caliber  105  mms 


O 
® 

e 


Heavy  artillery,  caliber  150  mms 


0 


Heavy  artillery,  caliber  210  mms  and  over 


Anti  -  aircraft  section 


Batteries 
seen  to  be  , 
in  action 
during  the 
period  of 
to 


Having  already  fired 
during  the  preceding  period 


Inactive  during  the 
preceding  period  but 
having  fired  previous, 
to  that 


.Yew 


(ZT 


O 

o 


Battery  inactive  during  period to 

.but  active  during  pi-eceding  peHod 


iS-Ehiplaoernent  known  to  be  active  during 

tlu-  period  28// 

/  I0-Tot<il  nujHhtr  of  em  via  cements /  110 


24 


LEGEND  FOR  DtAGRAMATiC  SCHEME  OF 
ENEMY  ORGANIZATION 
ON  FRONT  OF  THE ARMY 

Trenches  irith  dugouts  etnistructed 

without  envcrete  (old  style) mm^^i^am^ 


Trcnelics  with  shallow  concrete 
dusjuuts  ( tiew  style ) 


Positions  (old  style)  with  one  or  more  '-i^^ 

counter  slope  lines 


Positions  (new  style)  with  one  or  more 
cimnter  slope  lines 


Topograj)}iic  crest  

Baihn/ys.  stundnrd  ganoe,  douhle  „ 
Railways,  stand  or  d  gau^e,  single 

Railways,  narrow  gauge 


3  LUC 

Blue 


Positions  under  construction   _ 


Routes  suit  aide  for  all  rchicles, 
(trucks  and  heavy  artillery.) 
Classed  in  order  of  excellence 


First 

Second 

Third 


Routes  suitable  jor  field 
artillery  and  field  trains 


Regular  upkeep 


Irregular  upkeep,^, 


LEGEXD  FOR  GEJs'ERAL  MAP  OF 
ARTILLERY  OBJECTI  YES 

Observing  post 


Munition  depot,  position'  wn/confirmed . 
Munition  depot,  position  confirmed 


Bridge  (wagon  traffic) 
Foot  bridge 


0 

• 


AvifUion/  Field',  position^  unconfirmed  _ 

Aviation  Fielyd',  posvtion>  confirmed  hy 
photography 


OO 


s  tcaidard,  ga  uge . 
Railway 

narrow  gauge . 

Collection  ofpajths . 


Camp,  Cajitonment,  Bivouac, 


Junction  of  roads  or  tracks  ( paths j. 


Telep}u)ne  centraJ 


Signal  Station  (visual) 

Artillery  emplacement  (active) 

position  from  photographs 

ArtiUeyry  emplacemeAit  (active) 

position^  otherwise  deternivned 

Artillery  emplacement,  prepared, 
position  from  photographs 


,  hiti  -  aircraft  gun 
Dugouts 


Gare 


I  M  I  I  I  M  I  > 


o 


L.J 

I   I   I   I 


® 


RED 
RED 

reusm 

RED 


Teleploon^  line . 


Roimdary 
Lines 


GERMAN  MAPS 
1:25,000 

JLTWpvrB MMHHHHHMHHMM 

StCUte  HHHHHHHHMHHHHHHHH 

Regency h.h.h-h+^-h.h-h.m.m-h 

District 

Comrrvwne 


Roaxls 


High  Rvad . . .  ■  ■  i  ^  i  '■  ■  — . 

Constructed  road ;;  i ;;'.;; ',  = 

Ldrge  path ^ —  —  = 

Cross  road \ ; .^ 

Field  road ==si==============: 

Mwle  path , _-  =  =i  ==  z=  =  = 

Foot  path — 


Rail  Roads  < 


'2  or  4-  tracks  railroad p«fcj;-  ■■  jc^xj;!!^-^ 

Slation 


1  or  S  tracks  railroad 
Steanv  car  two  tracks 
Horse  car     one  track . 


^S 


iMiiiiiiiiwiiiiitiiiiiiimiiiiii 


27 


GERMAN  MAPS 
1:25,000 


Fence 


Wail. 


Enihankfnent, 
Wire  fence - 
Heflcte 


Hydrographyi 


Da  m 

Stone -Steel  bridge. 
Wo ode n  hr i die 


<»TTftTt<Vr<?TTA-  l(\>      ^       ^ 


STONt  PIERS 


Fontoofi . 
Canal 


n    mmmmmmmm 
•  I/- u;   orTrruT  \jj  uj  m  uJ 


River. 


Classification 

of 
Place  Names 


Chief  team  of  regency. 
Chief  town  of  district,. 
To  wn 


Borough. 
Village^ 


Hamlet 


METZ 

_THANN 
SIEECK 

jGorze 

JXoveant 
Malmaison 


GERMAN  MAPS 
1:25,000 


Land 
Ciassification 


Trees  with  leaves 


Kverdreen  treef 


Mixed  woods 


"S     fira  m  hies.  Osier  -  fdnff 


Orrtidrds,  rturseHes. 


Heath 


Dry  Afendow 


V'jj  L  _•_  a.1  Ui.  ifi  12.": 

^?■!•l:°•^^!^^°y>!!^> 


Thickets 


a  a  a  r  B 


GERMAN  MAPS    1:25,000 


W^et  Meadow 


Swcump . 


Class^mcation  1    Viiveywrd. 


Hop-p'OU'iui 


IV.i'.WAM7AV,vaV,V'.Y 


GwrdevAplaimj 


ABBREVIATIONS 

Street,  Road 

Advwnoed  Work 

Farm 


SrmM  ForiAi^ 
Iivn 


Sir. 

_y.w. 
_r.  w. 
w. 


Wash-  howse. 

Little KL 

Superior 

Inferior 

Tile  -  Kibv 


Whs. 

Wasch  H. 

Bi^- (large) Gr. 

Ob. 


TerrniruUions  of  words. 


Vnt. 
-Zgl. 


Hs.-Haus        \Hm-Heim  j  Bch-Bach 
Hsn^Hwwsen/  Df — Dorf  '  Bg.—Bwrg 


30 


GERMAN  MAPS 
1:25,000 

ABBREVIATIONS 

BaiUudck A. 

Brook B. 

Mountain B. 

Station Bhf. 

Gatesrrtan-house B.  fV. 

Manoe.uveHng.ground Ejcerx.  PI. 

Mill Fhr. 

Ford Ft 

Mountain Gh. 

Froperty,  Encloswre G. 


Haltinyd-Place 

H.p, 

l[untin0  residence Jagdhs. 

Rid4&fTop A'. 

Barrack Kas. 

Sermce  powder  store  house — K,P.M. 

Periodical  Pond . Period  T. 

Marl-pit Mgr. 

Clay-quarry  ^  Marl-pit  Lu.Myl.G^r, 

Sheep  fold. Sf/ta/. 

Castle , Svhl. 

Lock Schls*'. 


GERMAN  MAPS 
1:25,000 


SIGNS 


Miscellaneous 
Symbols     ' 


Church  with  steeple 


Church  without  steeple 

Chapel Kap. . 


Wind-mill-. 
Water-mill. 
Tanner  If 


W.M. 
M. 


ASnw-niilL 
Oil-mill— 


L.M. 

.S.M. 
O.M. 


DyeworHs. 


W,M. 


Taper-mill. 


Gun  Powder- 
Forge  


Pap.M, 


Forester. 


F. 


Forest  Sub-Inspector O.F. 

Forester W.  W 

Meadow -keeper W,  W. 

Castle 


•••  ♦ 
t\ 

-  ft 

_  ft 
-ft 
-ft 
_ft 
_ft 
_  ft 

_« 

-y 


Observatory,  Tower 
Ruins 


K. 


32 


t 


GERMAN  MAPS 
1:25,000 


SIGNS 


Miseellaneous 
Symbols 


Lon^  tree. 


Important  battlefield. 

Old  Trench 

Monument 


Mine  ( working )\'^^^f'^^  ^howsthe 

Stone  qivarry 

Fit  and  Ditch 

Clay  quarry 

Sand  quarry 

Gravel  quajry 

Rocks 


Christian  cemetery. 
Jewish  cemetery — 

Lime  -  Kiln 

Tar- mill 


Khf. ^ 

KJif. — m 

K.O ^ 

T.o n 


Triangulation  Point 

Fountain,  Well,  Spring. 

Orienting  Post 

Oratory 

FoH 


f 


Batteru 


33 


CONVENTIONAL  SIGNS  COMMONLY 
USED  ON  GERMAN  MAPS. 


Color 

of 
Sy.-nbol 


Fire  and  communication  trenches"! 


orepared  for  defence. 


(Graben  ). 


Ordinary  communication  trenches  (  Weg) 

The  distinction  between  fire  and  other  trenches 
is  not  always  made 

Wire  entanglement. 
Trench  railway  (Feld-bahn  ). 

Battery  fixed  by  photography. 

Heavy  Minenwerfer. 

Light  Minenwerfer 

MG  ^      (Occasionally). 

Grenade  store(or  shell  magazine  ). 

Screen  from  view. 

Telephone  station  with  cable. 

Searchlight. 

P'oni^er  dump 

Oressin;^  station. 
Well. 

HeaoQijarters.    Usually  some  form  of  circle  wicn  tiag. 
Th.e  number  of  circles  increases  with  the  importance 
of  the  H   Q  but  the  signs  vary  largely 

Co    Commander. 

Shaft  of  m.ine. 

Unsafe  ground  with  mine  shafts 

Turnp;ke 


XX>tK«t*XS« 

RfLO 

FED 

) 

RED 

i£ 

RS.O 

A 

HEO 

% 

HLO 

% 

»eD 

^jnnrYrnrmYYwrminl) 

RED 

REO 

>      :::> 

RED 

X 

fiEO 

gs 

ffEO 

oBr. 

^rn 

pqKF 

RED 

^<^ 

BLACK 

'II     ll! 

BLACK 

Ch.Hs. 

BLACK 

3^t- 


CONVENTIONAL  SIGNS  COMMONLY 
USED  ON  GERMAN  MAPS. 


3'  7  cm.  Revolver  Gun. 


7-7cm,  Field  Gun 
Anti -Aircraft  Gun.  — 
9  cm.  Fieid  Gun. 


105  cm.  Light  Field  Howitzer. 
10  cm   Gun.(nev>/er  pattern), _ 


12  cm. -Gun. 


35 


.s^^ 


Color  or 
Symbol 


5  cm.  Belgian  Gun. ^         *-         red 

^^E        Re:D 


RED 


RED 


12  cm.  Belgian  Gun ^—H — ^  red 

15  cm."Ringkanone."_ >      II    >  red 

15  cm.  Long  Gun.  ^— -4< — ^  RED 

15  cm.  Heavy  Field  Howitzer.('13).    >    ^^  >  red 

21  cm.  Mortar(old  pattern) (^\  y 

21  cm.  Mortar(hewer  pattern). >    (S^  \ 


RED 
RED 


90  mm.  and  95  mm. 

French  Guns.    — "^     >         red 


CONVENTIONAL  SIGNS  COMMONLY 
USED  ON  GERMAN  MAPS. 


Cohr     f< 


10  cm.  Gunfolder  pattern) 

13  cm.  Gun 

15  cm.  Gun(i.S.L) 

15  cm.  Russian  Gun 

15  cm.  Heavy  Field 
.Howitzer  (older  pattern) 

30.5  cm   Mortar 

orTTV^  <^'^-  Mortar 

Darn 

Bnck-kiln 

Telegraph  detachment 

Field  signalling  detachment 

Wireless  telegraph  station 

Bhf.  Bahnhof  (Station) 

Hp.  Haltepunkt(Stopping  place) 

BIst  Biockstation  (Block  signal  station) 

Lst  Ladestelle  (Loading  platform) 

B  W.  Bahnawarter  (Plate  layer's  hut)     modt 


H-^  R 

<>  mi  > 

©  0   > 

Sch 


RED 
RED 
RED 
RED 

RED 

RED 
RED 

BLACn 

BLACH 

BLUE 

BLUE 

BLUE 


36 


^     ABBREVIATIONS    USED    ON   THE 
STAFF   MAPS 

(CarUs  de  VEtat  Major  ) 


IN  ABBREVIATIONS  made  up  of  the  first  and  the  last 
letter  or  letters  of  a  word,  the  last  letter  or  letters  are  printed 
in  smaller  type  above  the  line.  By  this  means  the  terms  indi- 
cated by  the  two  similar  abbreviations  can  be  distinguished.  Thus 
Sal  is  the  abbreviation  for  Saline,  but  S"^  is  the  abbreviation  for 
Signal. 


Abbrev.  French  Equiv.  English  Equiv, 

Abat Abattoir Slaughter  House 

Abb* Abbaye Abbey 

Abr Abreuvoir Watering  Trough 

Agr** Agricole Agricultural 

Aig^* Aiguille Needle 

Anc° Ancien Ancient,  former 

Aq°* Aqueduc Aqueduct 

Arb Arbr& Tree 

Ard" Adroisiere Slate  Quarry 

A* Arret Halt  (Flag Sta.R.R.) 

Ars*  , Arsenal Arsenal 

Art* Artesian Artesian 

As* Asile Asylum 

Aubg* - Auberge Inn 

Av* Avant Befote,  in  front  of 

Av°* Avenue Avenue 


37 


Abbrev.  French  Equiv.  Enjrlish  Equiv, 

B Baie Bay 

B Bois Woods 

Bac Bac Ferry  boat 

Baraq*  -. Baracquement Field  barracks 

Bat Bateau Boat 

Bat** Batterie Battery 

B''" Bureau Office 

B*^*'^ Bouche Mouth 

B*^^ Borde Farm 

B^^ JBarrage Weir 

B*^  _- Bergerie Sheepfold 

B'** -.:—__--, . Bastide_^ Small  fort,  Country 

house  (Sou.  France) 

B*° Barin „ Small  house 

B'" Bassin Basin 

B"*^"^ Batiment Building 

B" Borne Boundary  mark 

B°° Buron ___Cheese  factory 

B°° Buisson Bush 

B^"*' Baraque Hut 

Br Broussaile Brush  wood 

B^^ Barriere Gate 

Briq*^ Briqueterie Brickyard 

B^'^^ Balise Beacon 

B»^^> Bas  (or  Basse) Low 

C Cap Cape 

Cab^^ Cabaret Village  Inn 

C^'^^ Cascade Waterfall 

C^' Canal Canal 

C=^' Cortal Shepherd's  hut 

Cant Canton Canton 

Cant'* Cantonal Cantonal 

Cant' Cantonnier Road  mender  \ 

Cap'^ Capitale Capital 

Carav Caravanserail Caravansery 


38 


Abbrev, 


French  Equiv, 


Carr* Carriere 

Carref Carrefour  _. 

Cas"'' Caserne 


English  Equlv, 

Quarry 
.  Crossroad 
-Barracks 


Cath^^ Cathedrale Cathedral 


Ch^" Chateau 

Ch*-'*^ __Chaussee 

Ch*» Chalet 

Ch'" Chemin 

Ch"^' Chapelle 

Ch°" Cheminee ___Chimney 


Chateau 

Highway 

Chalet 

Road 

Chapel 


Ch^ 


Champ Field 


Cim^'^ Cimetiere Cemetery 

Cit* Citerne Cistern 

Cit"-^ Citadelle Citadel 

C"« Cabane Hut 

C"^ Chaine Chain 

CI" Clocher Belfry,  steeple 

C"'^ Colonie Colony 

CoF'^ College College 

Col"'^ Colline Hill 

Colomb''^ Colombier Dovecote 

Co° Coron Miners*  dwelling 

Cond^ Conduite Conduit 

Com°° Communication Communication 

Cot Cote Hillock 

Couv* Couvent Covent 

C'*^ Calvaire , Wayside  Cross 

C^*^ Cense Farm 

CT Canton Canton  (territorial 

subdivision) 
C^ Croix Cross 


DeV Debarcadere 

DeP    , —Defile 

Dep Depot 

Dep'^ Departeraentale. 


Landing  place 
Defile 
Depot 
Departmental 


39 


Abbrev,  French  Equiv,  English  Equiv. 

Dep"^ Depot  de  Munitions.- Munition  dump 

(a  proximite  des  lignes) 

Det''" ._ Maison  de  detention  __ Jail 

Det'   Detroit- Channel  or  Strait 

Det*    Detruit Destroyed 

Dig Digue Dike 

Disp Disparu Disappeared 

Disp*"*^ Dispensaire Dispensary 

Dist^'^ Distillerie Distillery 

D"" Douane Custom  house 

Dol*" Dolmen Dolmen  (Druid 

monument) 

Dofn^'W Domanial(e) Domanial 

Dom*" Domaine Estate 

Dunes Dunes Dunes 

E - Eau Water 

Ec**" Ecurie Stable 

Ec''' Ecluse Lock 

Eg^* Eglise Church 

Elect Electrique-Electricite  -Electric-Electricity 

E'«        Fcole School 

Emb^^ Embarcadere Quay 

Emb"^'' Embouchure Mouth 

E.  Min Eau  minerale Mineral  spring 

Est***" Estacade Stockade 

Estab"* Establissement Establishment 

Etg Etang   Pond 

Et'*^   Etoile Star 

Ev* Eveche Bishopric 

Fab®    Fabrique Factory 

Y^^ Faubourg- Suburb 

Fecie Feculerie Starch  works  a  > 

F*^*" Forge Smithy  (iron  works)^^ 

Fl Fleuve River 


40 


Abbrev.  French  Equiv.  English  Equiv, 

'  Flot Flottant Floatable  (Floating) 

F*"* Ferme Farm 

F"*  or  Font"' Fontaine Fountain 

F""" Fourneau Furnace 

Fr Foresti  er Forester 

Fr Four Furnace-Oven 

F"* Fonderie Foundry 

Front^ Frontiere ^.Frontier 

F'^ Fosse Ditch 

F^    Fort Fort 

F*   Foret Forest 

F'*^ Faculte University 

G''^ General General 

Gal'*^ Galerie Gallery 

Gare Gare Station  (RR) 

Gar"*" Garenne Warren  (Game 

preserv^e) 

G''^ Garde Guard 

'G'^ Golfe Gulf 

G"" Gendarmerie Gendarmerie 

G^*" Gorge Narrow  Pass 

Gl" .Glacier Glacier 

Gr'**'^' Grand(e) Large 

G""  — Grotto Grotto 

Gr«^* Grange Bam 

Gue Gue Ford 

Hab^ Habert Cowbarn 

H»' Hopital  Hospital 

H*" Hameau Hamlet 

H" Halte Halt 

H^' Hotel Hotel,  large  house  or 

^  public  building. 

Herm^'' Hermitage Hermitage 

H'» „_Haie Hedge 


41 


Ahhrcv.  French  Equiv.  English  Equiv, 

W' Halle Hall  (Market  place) 

Hosp Hospice Hospice 

Hort  Horticale Horticultu,al 

I lie Island 

Irrig . Irrigation Irrigation 

J<^ Jetee Pier 

J*° Jardin Garden 

J^ Jasse Jasse 

K Ker  (in  Brittany) House 

L Lac » Lake 

Lag Lagune Lagoon 

L'^'^ Lande ___Heath 

Lepr Leproserie  _, Leprosy 

Loc"^*^ Locature .-Farmhouse 

L^ Lavoir Wash  house 

L^"" Lette Swamp 

Lun -Lunette Lunette  (Telescope) 

M --Mas „Farm  (Sou.  France) 

Magin Magasin Magazine, 

storehouse 

Mal*^ Maladrerie Leper  hospital 

Mam°° Mamelon Hillock 

Manuf^ Manufacture Factory 

Mare Mare Pool 

Mar^*"' Marecage: Marsh 

Marn^^   Marniere Marl  pit 

Meg'*^ Megisserie Tannery 

Met^'^ Metairie Small  farm 

Mg"*^ Montagne Mountain 

M**'' Menhir (Megaiithic   monu& 

ment) 


42 


Abbrev.  French  Equiv,  English  Equiv, 

M'*= Mairie Mayor's  office 

Min Mineral Mineral 

M'" Moulin Mill 

Mine Mine Mine 

M^" Maison House 

Mon^ Monument Monument 

M' Marais Marsh 

M' Mont Mountain 

MuV Muletier  (sentier) Mule  path 

Mur Mur Wall 

M^'^^ Marche Market 

Navig Navigable Navigable 

N.  D Notre  Dame Notre  Dame 

N^^ -.—  Nationale National 

N** Numero ^ Number 

Obs'"'' Observatoire ^Observatory 

Ol'   Olivier Olive  tree 

Orat Oratoire Oratory 

Or*^' Oranger „ Orange  tree 

Ose Oseraie__^ Osier  ground 

Ouvr Ouvrages 

exterieure Outworks 

Ouvre Ouvrier Worker 

P Pare  a  bestiaux Stockyard 

P Pic Peak 

P Pont Bridge 

Pal^<^ Palisade Palisade 

Pal' Palmier Palm  tree 

Pal^ Palais Palace 

Pap**^ .. Papeterie Paper  Manufactory 

Pat Pature Pasture 

P'*" Poteau    (indicateur) Guide  post 

P"^" Ponceau- Culvert 

43 


Abhrev,  French  Eguiv,  English  Equtv,       V^ 

Pech** Pecherie Fishery 

Pep'* Pepiniere Nursery(of  plants,  etc.) 

Ph Phare Lighthouse 

PU' Pilier Pillar 

Platr'* Platriere Plaster  quarry  or  kiln 

PI*" Plateau Plateau 

P^« — Passerelle Foot  Bridge 

PI'*" Plantation Plantation 

Polyg Polygene Prov-ground,    range 

drill  ground  (artillery) 

P**** Pavilion Pavilion 

Poud'* Poudriere Powder  Depot 

Pr Prairie Meadow 

Pr Pre Pasture 

Pr Prise Prise 

PreP Prefecture Prefecture 

Pr.-I Presque  He Peninsula 

P^® Passage Passage 

P^°" Prison Prison 

P Petit Small 

Pt Port Harbor 

P Pont Bridge 

P»^ Porte .->.Gate 

P*«' Pointc Point 

P**^  de  D"** Postede  douane Custom  post 

P°"  ^ Ponton Pontoon 

P^ Puits Well 

Pub - Public Public 

Qr Quartier Quarter 

R Rue Street 

R  or  Riv Riviere Stream  \^ 

Raf* Raffinerie Refinery 


Abbrev,  French  Equtv.  English  Equiv. 

-Rap**^ Raperie Beet  sugar  factory 

"  R" Radeau Raft 

R*" Ruisseau Small  stream 

Rav Ravin Ravine 

R** Rond Round 

Red Redan Redan 

Red* . Redoute Redoubt 

R" Rocher Rock 

Retr Retraite Retreat 

Retr"* Retranchement Entrenchment 

Rs' Refuge Shelter 

Rig Rigole Trench,  gully,  rivulet 

R°* Ruine Ruin 

Roub'''' Roubine Outlet  of  salt  marsh 

to  the  sea 

R*'' Remise Carriage  house 

R'*^ ^Route Highway 

R''*'" Reservoir . Reservoir 

i> Sous Under 

Sabl Sabliere , Sand  or  gravel  pit 

Sal Saline Salt  pit 

S*'  Signal Signal 

Salp'* Salpetrerie Saltpeter  works 

Sanat Sanatorium Sanatorium 

Sap^'  Sapiniere Fir  woods 

S" Source Spring 

Sc** Scierie Sawmill 

Sem Semaphore Semaphore 

Semin Seminaire Seminary 

Sentier ^ Sentier Path 

Som^ Sommet Summit 

S.  P Sous-prefecture Sub  prefecture 

^t**"* Station Station 

S't"* Statue Statue 

Suc^*= Sucrerie Sugar  Mill 


45 


Ahhr^v,  French  Equiv,  English  Equiv, 

Susp Pont  suspendu Suspension  bridge  - 

Syn**   Synagogue Synagogue 

Tan^*^ Tannerie Tannery 

Tel Tunnel Tunnel 

Teieg® Telegraphe Telegraph 

Temp Temple Tempi  e,Prot.  Church 

Th Thermal » Thermal 

T*' Tuilerie ,Tile  kiln 

T"* Torrent Torrent 

Tomb Tombeau Tomb 

T' Tramway Tramway,  street  ry. 

T'^ Tour -_Tower 

T^*^ Turbine Turbine 

Tourb^*" i.Tourbiere Peat  bog 

Transb^ Transbordeur ,  Aerial  tramway 

Transp'    Transporteur Transmitter 

Tr* Treuil Windlass 


U 


Univ** Universite University 

Us*' Usine_ Works 

Vac^*^ Vacherie Cowbarn 

V^se Village Village 

Vap Vapour Steam 

V^°^ - Viaduc Viaduct 

V** Vallee .Valley 

Ver , Verger Orchard 

V®*- Vivier Fish  pond 

Vin'* Vinicale Wine  growing 

V^*  - Vierge Virgin  (Statue) 

Vigne Vigne,  Vignoble Vineyard 

V<"^ Vallon Small  valley 

V"*^ Verrerie Glass  works 

V^ --.  Vieux_- Old 


46 


% 


CENTRAL   MAP    REPRODUCTION    PLANT 
ENGINEER    SCHOOL 

WASHINGTON    BARRACKS.   D.   C. 


■^      '^%: 


This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 

Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recall. 


^^^g'55P]V 

ri    f 

^'955!.j,. 

[ 

RARY 


LD  21-100Tn-2,'55 
(B139s22)476 


General  Library 

University  of  California 

Berkeley 


'H:i:^:^-jii.';-:-^ 


tev:€'.:; 

;''i .; 

.:?-:y,.  .'^.>' 'v: 

::U:y^^ 


;^^ 


^ 


